1918 Porvenir Massacre Unit Lesson
By Arlinda Valencia
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​Supplemental Reading Resource:  
The Injustice Never Leaves You
 Anti-Mexican Violence in Texas
Chapter 3: Denial of Justice
By Dr. Monica Muñoz Martinez

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LOS ANGELES REVIEW OF BOOKS - THE TEXAS RANGERS: GOOD GUYS NO MORE
https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/the-texas-rangers-good-guys-no-more

PORVENIR MASSACRE UNIT LESSON
Click on photo

Internet Resources:

NPR Fronteras: Massacre In a West Texas Border Town: http://www.tpr.org/post/fronteras-massacre-west-texas-border-town?fbclid=IwAR0Eu3t2hiuVdS1BI9UrXV3bWIfNTQ0nR8Q5iaJfUTcgzDFrz1hGR0ijK24

BULLOCK MUSEUM - Life and Death on the Border 1910 - 1920: https://www.thestoryoftexas.com/press/media-kits/life-and-death-on-the-border

Porvenir massacre on Texas border haunts descendants 100 years later: https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/2018/01/26/100-years-later-porvenir-massacre-haunts-descendants-texas-border/1058345001/ 
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​Excerpt from the 1919 Texas Ranger Investigation: https://www.tsl.texas.gov/treasures/law/porvenir-1.html

Hidden Figuras Jovita Idár: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYJWF11N4l0
 
Rangers and Outlaws | TSLAC: https://www.tsl.texas.gov/treasures/law/index.html

1. Eyewitness account of a massacre at Porvenir, Texas, from the 1919 investigation. Rosendo Mesa Deposition
2. The entire transcript of the 1919 Ranger investigation (almost 1500 pages) is now available in PDF format.                (Volume 1, 2, 3) Volume 2 - Porvenir Massacre

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: https://www.tsl.texas.gov/

The Portal to Texas History: https://texashistory.unt.edu/

PBS Aired the Documentary on Oct. 4, 2019
Povenir, Texas 
by:   Andrew Shapter